Denomination Differences

New Apostolic Church vs. Reformed Beliefs

New Apostolic ChurchReformed
a.k.a.Calvinist
Number of Members9,240,000[1]75,000,000
How does one get saved?Repent of your sins; believe in Jesus Christ's death and resurrection; be baptized, participate in communion, and be sealed by an apostle in faith; and don't die with any unconfessed mortal sins.Sola fide: Repent of your sins and believe in Jesus Christ's death and resurrection alone to save you.
Who gets saved?Anyone who chooses by his own free will to believe and accept God's gift of grace will be saved.[2]Those who God chooses to call will be saved and no one else.
Can one lose his salvation?Yes, a Christian can lose his salvation by apostasy.Eternal security: No, once a Christian is saved, he is always saved.
Who gets baptized and why?The unsaved, often as infants, get baptized as the first sacrament of Christian initiation, washing away their original sin.Saved people and their infant children get baptized as a sign of God's grace.[3]
How should baptism be done?Baptism should be by sprinkling water on the head.Baptism can be by immersion, pouring, or sprinkling.
When does one receive the Holy Spirit?The Holy Spirit is received at Holy Sealing.The Holy Spirit is received at the moment of salvation.[4]
What is the trinity?The Trinity is God existing as one god in three equal, eternal, cosubstantial persons: God the Father, God the Son (Jesus Christ), and God the Holy Spirit.The Trinity is God existing as one god in three equal, eternal, cosubstantial persons: God the Father, God the Son (Jesus Christ), and God the Holy Spirit.
What is the human nature?Total depravity: Human nature is corrupt, naturally inclined to evil, and incapable of choosing God on his own.[5][2]Total depravity: Human nature is corrupt, naturally inclined to evil, and incapable of choosing God on his own.
Are we guilty of Adam's original sin?No, we are not guilty of Adam's sin, but we did inherit the consequences and a corrupt human nature from him, causing us all to sin.[6][5]Federalism: Yes, Adam represented all of the human race, and all are guilty of his sin.
Are Christians required to keep the Old Testament ceremonial laws?No, the ceremonial laws of Judaism were fulfilled and done away with by Jesus.No, the ceremonial laws of Judaism were fulfilled and done away with by Jesus.
Can Christians become sinless in this earthly life?No, although Christians can and should sin less, they can never become sinless in this life.No, although Christians can and should sin less, they can never become sinless in this life.
Do the elements of communion become the body and blood of Christ?No, the elements merely symbolically represent the body and blood of Christ.No, the elements do not become the body and blood of Christ, but Christ is present in an unknown way.
Can one be baptized of behalf of someone who has died?Yes, a living person can be a proxy for the dead to be baptized, who then can accept or reject it in the afterlife.No, the dead cannot be baptized.
What happens if a saved person dies without being perfect?Once Christians leave their sinful bodies, nothing else is needed to receive glorified, sinless bodies.Once Christians leave their sinful bodies, nothing else is needed to receive glorified, sinless bodies.[7][8]
Did Mary ever sin?Yes, Mary sinned like all other humans except Jesus.Yes, Mary sinned like all other humans except Jesus.
What spiritual gifts are available today?Cessationism: Spiritual gifts used for serving are available today, while gifts used as signs have ceased.[9]
What framework has God used in dealing with man?Covenant theology: God acts either within the covenant of works or the covenant of grace.[10]
What is the gift of tongues?The gift of tongues is the ability to speak foreign human languages without knowing how.[11]
What are the requirements for clergy?Experienced men above reproach, faithful to their wives and with with obedient children if applicable, and able to teach are to be appointed as pastors.
How many church ordinances/​sacraments are there?The church has three sacraments: Baptism, Holy Communion, and Holy Sealing.[12]The church has two ordinances: Baptism and Holy Communion.
To whom do Christians need to confess their sins?No confession is necessary.[13][14]Confession should be made directly to God, but confession to another believer is beneficial for some sins.
How should a church be structured?Episcopal: Churches should be governed by the apostle in that church district, who in turn is governed by a district apostle, who is governed by the Chief Apostle.[15]Varies widely
What day of the week should Christians worship?Christians worship on Sunday.Christians worship on Sunday.
How does God's revelation come to us today?Prima scriptura: There are many sources of God's revelation, although none can contradict the Bible.[16][17]Prima scriptura: There are many sources of God's revelation, although none can contradict the Bible.
How was the Bible written?Verbal plenary inspiration: The Bible was written by men who had every word supernaturaly inspired by God.[18]
How many books are in the Bible?There are 66 canonical books of the Bible: 39 Old Testament books and 27 New Testament books.[19][20]There are 66 canonical books of the Bible: 39 Old Testament books and 27 New Testament books.
Was the Bible written inerrantly?Yes, the Bible was written without any error.[18]
Who can speak with God's authority today?The Chief Apostle proclaims revelations from God as binding doctrine.[21]Nobody today can speak for God.
How was the earth created?Creationism: The earth was spoken into existence by God.
What is marriage?Marriage is a covenant before God between one man and one woman.[22]
Is sex permissible outside marriage?No, sex outside of marriage is not permissible.[23][24]
When is divorce permissible?Divorce is permissible for adultery or desertion.[25][26]
May a Christian remarry while his former spouse is still alive?The innocent party to the adultery may remarry.[27]
When does a fetus become human?Humanity begins at fertilization.[28][29]Humanity begins at conception.[30][31]
Is contraception permissible?Yes, contraceptives are permissible as long as they work before fertilization.[32]Yes, contraceptives are permissible.[33]
Are blood transfusions permissible?Yes, blood transfusions are permissible.[34]Yes, blood transfusions are permissible.
Should Christians drink alcohol?Varies widely
Should Christians fight in wars?Yes, Christians should fight in just wars.[35]
How should Christians musically worship God?Any style of worship music is acceptable.[36][37]
Whom does the Holy Spirit come from?The Holy Spirit proceeds from the Father and the Son.[38]The Holy Spirit proceeds from the Father and the Son.[39]
Who can be demon-possessed?The extent to which demons can possess humans is a mystery.[40]Demons can possess unbelievers but not Christians.
Do icons glorify God?No, icons violate the First Commandment against graven images.[41]Most believe no, icons violate the Second Commandment against graven images. Icons of Christ are especially prohibited.[42][43][44]
Where does a Christian's soul go after death?After death, souls are conscious in the realm of the dead, with the dead in Christ in proximity of God.[45][46]Christians immediately go to heaven when they die.[7][47]
When does the Tribulation happen?Futurism: The Tribulation will happen at a time in the future which no man knows the time of.
When will the church be raptured?Partial pretribulationism rapture: An unknown part of the church known as the "bridal congregation" will be raptured sometime before the Tribulation.[48][49][50]
When is the millennial reign of Christ happen?Premillennialism: The millennial reign of Christ will be a long period immediately after the Tribulation.[51]