| Number of Members | 9,240,000[1] | 350,000[2] |
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| How does one get saved? | Repent of your sins; believe in Jesus Christ's death and resurrection; be baptized, participate in communion, and be sealed by an apostle in faith; and don't die with any unconfessed mortal sins. | Sola fide: Repent of your sins and believe in Jesus Christ's death and resurrection alone to save you. |
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| Who gets saved? | Anyone who chooses by his own free will to believe and accept God's gift of grace will be saved.[3] | Anyone who chooses by his own free will to believe and accept God's gift of grace will be saved. |
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| Can one lose his salvation? | Yes, a Christian can lose his salvation by apostasy. | Eternal security: No, once a Christian is saved, he is always saved. |
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| Who gets baptized and why? | The unsaved, often as infants, get baptized as the first sacrament of Christian initiation, washing away their original sin. | Saved people get baptized as a public demonstration of their new lives. |
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| How should baptism be done? | Baptism should be by sprinkling water on the head. | Baptism should be by immersion. |
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| When does one receive the Holy Spirit? | The Holy Spirit is received at Holy Sealing. | The Holy Spirit is received at the moment of salvation. |
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| What is the trinity? | The Trinity is God existing as one god in three equal, eternal, cosubstantial persons: God the Father, God the Son (Jesus Christ), and God the Holy Spirit. | Most believe the Trinity is God existing as one god in three equal, eternal, cosubstantial persons: God the Father, God the Son (Jesus Christ), and God the Holy Spirit. |
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| What is the human nature? | Total depravity: Human nature is corrupt, naturally inclined to evil, and incapable of choosing God on his own.[4][3] | Humans have a יֵצֶר הַרַע (yetzer hara)—an inclination to do evil—and, upon reaching 12 for girls and 13 for boys, develop a יֵצֶר הַטוֹב (yetzer hatov)—a weaker inclination to do good. |
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| Are we guilty of Adam's original sin? | No, we are not guilty of Adam's sin, but we did inherit the consequences and a corrupt human nature from him, causing us all to sin.[5][4] | No, we are not guilty of Adam's sin, but we did inherit the consequences and a corrupt human nature from him, causing us all to sin. |
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| Are Christians required to keep the Old Testament ceremonial laws? | No, the ceremonial laws of Judaism were fulfilled and done away with by Jesus. | Yes, Messianic Jews should follow the Torah, although Gentile Christians are not required to. |
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| Can Christians become sinless in this earthly life? | No, although Christians can and should sin less, they can never become sinless in this life. | No, although Christians can and should sin less, they can never become sinless in this life. |
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| Do the elements of communion become the body and blood of Christ? | No, the elements merely symbolically represent the body and blood of Christ. | No, the elements merely symbolically represent the body and blood of Christ. |
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| Can one be baptized of behalf of someone who has died? | Yes, a living person can be a proxy for the dead to be baptized, who then can accept or reject it in the afterlife. | No, the dead cannot be baptized. |
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| What happens if a saved person dies without being perfect? | Once Christians leave their sinful bodies, nothing else is needed to receive glorified, sinless bodies. | Once Christians leave their sinful bodies, nothing else is needed to receive glorified, sinless bodies. |
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| Did Mary ever sin? | Yes, Mary sinned like all other humans except Jesus. | Yes, Mary sinned like all other humans except Jesus. |
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| How many church ordinances/sacraments are there? | The church has three sacraments: Baptism, Holy Communion, and Holy Sealing.[6] | Messianic Jews should practice Immersion.[7][8][9][10][11] |
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| To whom do Christians need to confess their sins? | No confession is necessary.[12][13] | Confession should be made directly to God, but confession to another believer is beneficial for some sins.[14][15] |
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| How should a church be structured? | Episcopal: Churches should be governed by the apostle in that church district, who in turn is governed by a district apostle, who is governed by the Chief Apostle.[16] | Congregationalist: Every church congregation should be independent and governed by its members. |
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| What day of the week should Christians worship? | Christians worship on Sunday. | Messianic Jews observe Shabbat on Saturday. |
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| How does God's revelation come to us today? | Prima scriptura: There are many sources of God's revelation, although none can contradict the Bible.[17][18] | Prima scriptura: There are many sources of God's revelation, although none can contradict the Bible.[19] |
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| How many books are in the Bible? | There are 66 canonical books of the Bible: 39 Old Testament books and 27 New Testament books.[20][21] | There are 66 canonical books of the Bible: 39 Old Testament books and 27 New Testament books. |
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| Who can speak with God's authority today? | The Chief Apostle proclaims revelations from God as binding doctrine.[22] | |
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| What is marriage? | | Marriage is a covenant before God between one man and one woman.[23] |
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| Is sex permissible outside marriage? | | No, sex outside of marriage is not permissible.[24] |
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| When is divorce permissible? | | Divorce is permissible for adultery, abuse, or abandonment.[25] |
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| May a Christian remarry while his former spouse is still alive? | | Yes, a Messianic Jew may freely remarry after a divorce which was for a valid reason.[25] |
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| When does a fetus become human? | Humanity begins at fertilization.[26][27] | Humanity begins at conception.[28][29] |
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| Is contraception permissible? | Yes, contraceptives are permissible as long as they work before fertilization.[30] | Yes, contraceptives are permissible as long as the couple eventually have at least two children.[31] |
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| Are blood transfusions permissible? | Yes, blood transfusions are permissible.[32] | Yes, blood transfusions are permissible.[33][34] |
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| Should women cover their heads? | | Varies widely[35][36][37] |
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| Should Christians drink alcohol? | | Yes, drinking alcohol is fine as long as one does not get drunk.[38] |
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| How should Christians musically worship God? | Any style of worship music is acceptable.[39][40] | |
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| Whom does the Holy Spirit come from? | The Holy Spirit proceeds from the Father and the Son.[41] | |
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| Who can be demon-possessed? | The extent to which demons can possess humans is a mystery.[42] | |
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| Do icons glorify God? | No, icons violate the First Commandment against graven images.[43] | |
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| Where does a Christian's soul go after death? | After death, souls are conscious in the realm of the dead, with the dead in Christ in proximity of God.[44][45] | |
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| When does the Tribulation happen? | Futurism: The Tribulation will happen at a time in the future which no man knows the time of. | |
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| When will the church be raptured? | Partial pretribulationism rapture: An unknown part of the church known as the "bridal congregation" will be raptured sometime before the Tribulation.[46][47][48] | |
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| When is the millennial reign of Christ happen? | Premillennialism: The millennial reign of Christ will be a long period immediately after the Tribulation.[49] | |
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