| a.k.a. | | |
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| Number of Members | 52,000,000[1] | 2,000,000 |
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| How does one get saved? | Repent of your sins, believe in Jesus Christ's death and resurrection, and be baptized.[2][3][4] | Repent of your sins, believe in Jesus Christ's death and resurrection, and be baptized. |
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| Who gets saved? | Anyone who chooses by his own free will to believe and accept God's gift of grace will be saved. | Anyone who chooses by his own free will to believe and accept God's gift of grace will be saved. |
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| Can one lose his salvation? | Yes, a Christian can lose his salvation by apostasy. | Yes, a Christian can lose his salvation by apostasy. |
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| Who gets baptized and why? | The unsaved, typically as infants, get baptized as the first sacrament of Christian initiation, cleansing them of all sins.[2] | The believing but unsaved get baptized as part of their salvation. |
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| How should baptism be done? | Baptism should be by triple immersion. | Baptism should be by immersion. |
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| When does one receive the Holy Spirit? | The Holy Spirit is received at baptism. | The Holy Spirit is received at baptism. |
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| What is the trinity? | The Trinity is God existing as one god in three equal, eternal, cosubstantial persons: God the Father, God the Son (Jesus Christ), and God the Holy Spirit. | The Trinity is God existing as one god in three equal, eternal, cosubstantial persons: God the Father, God the Son (Jesus Christ), and God the Holy Spirit. |
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| What is the human nature? | Human nature is corrupt and naturally inclined to evil.[5] | Most believe human nature tends to sin, but it's not depraved. |
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| Are we guilty of Adam's original sin? | No, we are not guilty of Adam's sin, but we did inherit the consequences and a corrupt human nature from him, causing us all to sin.[5][6] | No, we are not guilty of Adam's sin, nor did we inherit a sinful nature from him, but we did inherit the consequences.[7][8][9][10] |
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| Are Christians required to keep the Old Testament ceremonial laws? | Yes, all Old Testament laws are binding on Christians. | No, the ceremonial laws of Judaism were fulfilled and done away with by Jesus. |
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| Can Christians become sinless in this earthly life? | Yes, Christian perfection is possible. | |
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| Do the elements of communion become the body and blood of Christ? | Yes, the bread and the wine change into the body and blood of Christ in an unknown way.[11][12] | No, the elements merely symbolically represent the body and blood of Christ. |
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| Can one be baptized of behalf of someone who has died? | No, the dead cannot be baptized. | No, the dead cannot be baptized. |
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| What happens if a saved person dies without being perfect? | Once Christians leave their sinful bodies, nothing else is needed to receive glorified, sinless bodies.[13] | Once Christians leave their sinful bodies, nothing else is needed to receive glorified, sinless bodies. |
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| Did Mary ever sin? | Mary was prone to sin like anyone else, but no, through her own free will she still never did. | Yes, Mary sinned like all other humans except Jesus. |
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| What spiritual gifts are available today? | | Cessationism: Spiritual gifts used for serving are available today, while gifts used as signs have ceased.[14] |
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| How many church ordinances/sacraments are there? | The church has seven sacraments: Baptism, Confirmation, Penance, Holy Eucharist, Unction of the Sick, Matrimony, and Priesthood.[15][16][17] | The church has two ordinances: Baptism and Holy Communion.[18] |
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| Should communion bread be leavened? | Most believe leavened bread should be used in Holy Communion. Armenians use unleavened bread. | |
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| To whom do Christians need to confess their sins? | Sins must be privately confessed to a priest within 40 days.[19][20][21][22] | Confession should be made directly to God, but confession to another believer is beneficial for some sins.[23] |
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| How should a church be structured? | Episcopal: Churches should be governed by the bishop in that eparchy, who in turn is governed by a patriarch of an autocephalous church. | Congregationalist: Every church congregation should be independent and governed by its members. |
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| What day of the week should Christians worship? | Christians worship on Sunday, although the Sabbath should be observed on Saturday. | Christians worship on Sunday. |
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| How does God's revelation come to us today? | Sacred Scripture and Sacred Tradition have equal authority and comprise one finished deposit of faith.[24] | Sola scriptura: The Bible is the only infallible source of God's revelation, sufficient for all faith and practice. |
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| How was the Bible written? | Verbal plenary inspiration: The Bible was written by men who had every word supernaturaly inspired by God.[25] | Verbal plenary inspiration: The Bible was written by men who had every word supernaturaly inspired by God. |
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| How many books are in the Bible? | Varies widely | There are 66 canonical books of the Bible: 39 Old Testament books and 27 New Testament books. |
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| Was the Bible written inerrantly? | Yes, the Bible was written without any error.[25] | Yes, the Bible was written without any error. |
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| Who can speak with God's authority today? | Nobody today can speak for God.[26] | Nobody today can speak for God. |
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| How was the Bible preserved? | God has preserved the meanings of the Bible, but not every word.[25] | |
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| How was the earth created? | Generally creationism: The earth was spoken into existence by God. | Creationism: The earth was spoken into existence by God. |
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| What is marriage? | Marriage is a covenant before God between one man and one woman.[27][28][29] | Marriage is a covenant before God between one man and one woman.[30][31] |
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| Is sex permissible outside marriage? | No, sex outside of marriage is not permissible. | No, sex outside of marriage is not permissible.[32][33] |
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| When is divorce permissible? | Divorce is seldomly permissible upon investigation by a clergical committee, usually instigated by infidelity.[34] | Most believe divorce is only permissible for adultery.[35][36] |
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| May a Christian remarry while his former spouse is still alive? | The innocent party to the adultery may remarry.[37] | |
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| When does a fetus become human? | Ranges from humanity beginning at fertilization to 40 days after conception[38][39][40][41] | Humanity begins at conception. |
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| Is contraception permissible? | Varies widely[40][42][43][44] | Yes, contraceptives are permissible. |
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| Are blood transfusions permissible? | Yes, blood transfusions are permissible.[45][46] | Yes, blood transfusions are permissible. |
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| Should women cover their heads? | | Most believe no, women's long hair is enough of a covering. |
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| Should Christians drink alcohol? | No, alcohol should be totally avoided aside from Eucharist.[47] | Most believe no, alcohol should be totally avoided. |
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| Should Christians fight in wars? | Yes, Christians can fight in just wars.[48] | |
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| How should Christians musically worship God? | | Worship should be a cappella. |
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| Whom does the Holy Spirit come from? | The Holy Spirit proceeds from the Father alone.[49] | |
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| Who can be demon-possessed? | Demons can possess unbelievers and Christians living in sin.[50][51] | |
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| Do icons glorify God? | Yes, icons are holy and should be venerated.[52][53] | |
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| Where does a Christian's soul go after death? | After death, souls sit conscious in an Intermediate State, with Christians being with Christ.[54] | Christians immediately go to heaven when they die. |
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| When does the Tribulation happen? | Futurism: The Tribulation will happen at a time in the future which no man knows the time of.[55] | |
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| When is the millennial reign of Christ happen? | Amillennialism: The millennial reign of Christ is an indefinite period of time beginning on the day of Pentecost and ending at His Second Coming. | |
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