| a.k.a. | Episcopal | |
|---|
| Number of Members | 80,000,000[1] | 350,000[2] |
|---|
| How does one get saved? | Repent of your sins, believe in Jesus Christ's death and resurrection to save you, be baptized, and participate in the Eucharist. | Sola fide: Repent of your sins and believe in Jesus Christ's death and resurrection alone to save you. |
|---|
| Who gets saved? | Anyone who chooses by his own free will to believe and accept God's gift of grace will be saved. | Anyone who chooses by his own free will to believe and accept God's gift of grace will be saved. |
|---|
| Can one lose his salvation? | Yes, a Christian can lose his salvation by apostasy. | Eternal security: No, once a Christian is saved, he is always saved. |
|---|
| Who gets baptized and why? | The unsaved, typically as infants, get baptized as the first sacrament of Christian initiation, cleansing them of all sins. | Saved people get baptized as a public demonstration of their new lives. |
|---|
| How should baptism be done? | Baptism should be by pouring water on the head. | Baptism should be by immersion. |
|---|
| When does one receive the Holy Spirit? | The Holy Spirit is received at baptism. | The Holy Spirit is received at the moment of salvation. |
|---|
| What is the trinity? | The Trinity is God existing as one god in three equal, eternal, cosubstantial persons: God the Father, God the Son (Jesus Christ), and God the Holy Spirit. | Most believe the Trinity is God existing as one god in three equal, eternal, cosubstantial persons: God the Father, God the Son (Jesus Christ), and God the Holy Spirit. |
|---|
| What is the human nature? | Total depravity: Human nature is corrupt, naturally inclined to evil, and incapable of choosing God on his own. | Humans have a יֵצֶר הַרַע (yetzer hara)—an inclination to do evil—and, upon reaching 12 for girls and 13 for boys, develop a יֵצֶר הַטוֹב (yetzer hatov)—a weaker inclination to do good. |
|---|
| Are we guilty of Adam's original sin? | No, we are not guilty of Adam's sin, but we did inherit the consequences and a corrupt human nature from him, causing us all to sin. | No, we are not guilty of Adam's sin, but we did inherit the consequences and a corrupt human nature from him, causing us all to sin. |
|---|
| Are Christians required to keep the Old Testament ceremonial laws? | No, the ceremonial laws of Judaism were fulfilled and done away with by Jesus. | Yes, Messianic Jews should follow the Torah, although Gentile Christians are not required to. |
|---|
| Can Christians become sinless in this earthly life? | No, although Christians can and should sin less, they can never become sinless in this life. | No, although Christians can and should sin less, they can never become sinless in this life. |
|---|
| Do the elements of communion become the body and blood of Christ? | Consubstantiation: No, the elements do not become the body and blood of Christ, but Christ's body and blood are present alongside them. | No, the elements merely symbolically represent the body and blood of Christ. |
|---|
| Can one be baptized of behalf of someone who has died? | No, the dead cannot be baptized. | No, the dead cannot be baptized. |
|---|
| What happens if a saved person dies without being perfect? | There is no purgatory, but Christians may need to be purified after death in some way.[3][4] | Once Christians leave their sinful bodies, nothing else is needed to receive glorified, sinless bodies. |
|---|
| Did Mary ever sin? | No established doctrine | Yes, Mary sinned like all other humans except Jesus. |
|---|
| What spiritual gifts are available today? | Continuationism: All spiritual gifts are still available to believers.[5][6] | |
|---|
| What framework has God used in dealing with man? | Covenant theology: God acts either within the covenant of works or the covenant of grace. | |
|---|
| What is the gift of tongues? | Varies widely | |
|---|
| What are the requirements for clergy? | Priests must be unmarried men over 25 ordained by bishops. | |
|---|
| How many church ordinances/sacraments are there? | The church has two sacraments: Baptism and Holy Communion.[7] | Messianic Jews should practice Immersion.[8][9][10][11][12] |
|---|
| To whom do Christians need to confess their sins? | General sinfulness should be confessed to a priest. This is usually done as a group during a service.[13] | Confession should be made directly to God, but confession to another believer is beneficial for some sins.[14][15] |
|---|
| How should a church be structured? | Episcopal: Churches should be governed by the bishop in that diocese, who in turn is governed by a primate of an autonomous province. The Archbishop of Canterbury is first among equals and is appointed by the King of England. | Congregationalist: Every church congregation should be independent and governed by its members. |
|---|
| What day of the week should Christians worship? | Christians worship on Sunday. | Messianic Jews observe Shabbat on Saturday. |
|---|
| How does God's revelation come to us today? | Prima scriptura: There are many sources of God's revelation, although none can contradict the Bible. | Prima scriptura: There are many sources of God's revelation, although none can contradict the Bible.[16] |
|---|
| How was the Bible written? | Dynamic inspiration: God inspired the thoughts of the human authors, but the words were chosen by the authors. | |
|---|
| How many books are in the Bible? | There are 66 canonical books of the Bible: 39 Old Testament books and 27 New Testament books, but the Apocrypha is regularly used for examples of life and instruction of manners. | There are 66 canonical books of the Bible: 39 Old Testament books and 27 New Testament books. |
|---|
| Was the Bible written inerrantly? | No, the Bible is not inerrant in any respect.[17] | |
|---|
| How was the earth created? | The earth was formed by gravity pulling dust together, which ultimately came from the Big Bang. | |
|---|
| What is marriage? | Varies widely | Marriage is a covenant before God between one man and one woman.[18] |
|---|
| Is sex permissible outside marriage? | Varies widely | No, sex outside of marriage is not permissible.[19] |
|---|
| When is divorce permissible? | Most believe divorce is only permissible for adultery.[20] | Divorce is permissible for adultery, abuse, or abandonment.[21] |
|---|
| May a Christian remarry while his former spouse is still alive? | Yes, a Christian may freely remarry after divorce.[22][23][24] | Yes, a Messianic Jew may freely remarry after a divorce which was for a valid reason.[21] |
|---|
| When does a fetus become human? | Humanity begins at conception.[25] | Humanity begins at conception.[26][27] |
|---|
| Is contraception permissible? | Yes, contraceptives are permissible.[28][29] | Yes, contraceptives are permissible as long as the couple eventually have at least two children.[30] |
|---|
| Are blood transfusions permissible? | Yes, blood transfusions are permissible. | Yes, blood transfusions are permissible.[31][32] |
|---|
| Should women cover their heads? | No, head coverings are no longer required due to cultural changes. | Varies widely[33][34][35] |
|---|
| Should Christians drink alcohol? | Yes, drinking alcohol is fine as long as one does not get drunk.[36] | Yes, drinking alcohol is fine as long as one does not get drunk.[37] |
|---|
| Should Christians fight in wars? | Most believe that yes, Christians should fight in just wars.[38][39][40] | |
|---|
| How should Christians musically worship God? | Any style of worship music is acceptable. | |
|---|
| Whom does the Holy Spirit come from? | Varies widely[41][42] | |
|---|
| Who can be demon-possessed? | Generally that demons can possess anyone.[43][44][45][46] | |
|---|
| Do icons glorify God? | Yes, icons can be an aid to worship, but they are not used in liturgy.[47][48] | |
|---|
| Where does a Christian's soul go after death? | No established doctrine[4] | |
|---|
| When does the Tribulation happen? | Preterism: The Tribulation happened in the 7th decade during the First Jewish–Roman War. | |
|---|
| When will the church be raptured? | The church will not be raptured at any point. | |
|---|
| When is the millennial reign of Christ happen? | Amillennialism: The millennial reign of Christ is an indefinite period of time beginning on the day of Pentecost and ending at His Second Coming. | |
|---|